Stats

Status Points are gained at 2 per Character level, and may be used to enhance your character's abilities. [note: If code divers or devs want to give exact figures 1 point of  each stat gives, I'd greatly appreciate it.] They may be reset by using Almighty Sticks, which can be found on Man Eaters in the underground jungle, though at "Key Mould" (0.04%) drop rates.

Levelling purportedly gives 0.5 "invisible" points into each stat. It won't show up on your Status Screen, but can be seen in its effect on your abilities.

A maximum of 130 manual points may be added to a single stat.

Please feel free to add exact figures where known.

All stats give percentile increases. 130 Vitality will not alter defence on a naked character. Where a stat is in "competition" with another for size of effect, the larger effect is marked ++.

For Cast Time and MP Cost, + indicates these are increased, slowing down and increasing the cost respectively.

Unaffected by stats: Vertical Movement, Medium Movement (honey, water, lava, cobwebs), Ammo Consumption %, Experience gain, Critical Hit Damage%, or Damage-Type-Specific Crit%.

Accuracy - As far as I can tell, appears to be a slightly randomised damage multiplier for all attacks.

Dodge - A flat % rate to ignore damage, though still take knockback and status effects, much like the Master Ninja Gear, with which it does not stack.

NTerraria 4
Stats are used to improve your character's strength and abilities, are gained at a rate of 10 per level, and cannot be redistributed after being applied.

Each point applied to a stat increases its level by 0.1. The following table is marked as the value gained per whole level.